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Thymic carcinoma

MedGen UID:
60049
•Concept ID:
C0205969
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Carcinoma, Thymic; Carcinomas, Thymic; Thymic Carcinoma; Thymic Carcinomas
SNOMED CT: Thymic carcinoma (128717008); Thymoma, type C (128717008); Type C thymoma (444374006)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006451
Orphanet: ORPHA99868

Definition

Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm (see this term) characterized by a high malignant potential. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of thymic epithelial tumors.
Xu C, Zhang Y, Wang W, Wang Q, Li Z, Song Z, Wang J, Yu J, Liu J, Zhang S, Cai X, Wu M, Zhan P, Liu H, Lv T, Miao L, Min L, Li J, Liu B, Yuan J, Jiang Z, Lin G, Chen X, Pu X, Rao C, Lv D, Yu Z, Li X, Tang C, Zhou C, Zhang J, Guo H, Chu Q, Meng R, Liu X, Wu J, Hu X, Fang M, Zhou J, Zhu Z, Chen X, Pan W, Pang F, Zhou Y, Jian Q, Wang K, Wang L, Zhu Y, Yang G, Lin X, Cai J, Liang L, Feng H, Wang L, Du Y, Yao W, Shi X, Niu X, Yuan D, Yao Y, Huang J, Zhang Y, Sun P, Wang H, Ye M, Wang D, Wang Z, Hao Y, Wang Z, Wan B, Lv D, Yu G, Li A, Kang J, Zhang J, Zhang C, Chen H, Shi L, Ye L, Wang G, Wang Y, Gao F, Zhou W, Hu C, Wei J, Li B, Li Z, Li Y, Liu Z, Yang N, Wu L, Wang Q, Huang W, Hong Z, Wang G, Fang M, Fang Y, Zhu X, Du K, Ji J, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Ma S, Song Y, Lu Y, Liu A, Fang W, Zhong W
Thorac Cancer 2023 Apr;14(12):1102-1117. Epub 2023 Mar 16 doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.14847. PMID: 36924056Free PMC Article
Thymic Malignancy-Updates in Staging and Management.
Rappaport JMP, Huang J, Ahmad U
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020 Oct;29(4):581-601. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.06.010. PMID: 32883460
Novel Agents in the Treatment of Thymic Malignancies.
Merveilleux du Vignaux C, Maury JM, Girard N
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2017 Aug 10;18(9):52. doi: 10.1007/s11864-017-0495-8. PMID: 28795288

Curated

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas, 2023

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Surgical, Radiation, and Systemic Treatments of Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Systematic Review.
Falkson CB, Vella ET, Ellis PM, Maziak DE, Ung YC, Yu E
J Thorac Oncol 2023 Mar;18(3):299-312. Epub 2022 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.10.016. PMID: 36343922
Therapeutic options in thymomas and thymic carcinomas.
Muto Y, Okuma Y
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022 Apr;22(4):401-413. Epub 2022 Apr 4 doi: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2052278. PMID: 35266421
Thymic Carcinomas-A Concise Multidisciplinary Update on Recent Developments From the Thymic Carcinoma Working Group of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group.
Roden AC, Ahmad U, Cardillo G, Girard N, Jain D, Marom EM, Marx A, Moreira AL, Nicholson AG, Rajan A, Shepherd AF, Simone CB 2nd, Strange CD, Szolkowska M, Truong MT, Rimner A
J Thorac Oncol 2022 May;17(5):637-650. Epub 2022 Feb 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.01.021. PMID: 35227908Free PMC Article
Lenvatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic thymic carcinoma (REMORA): a multicentre, phase 2 trial.
Sato J, Satouchi M, Itoh S, Okuma Y, Niho S, Mizugaki H, Murakami H, Fujisaka Y, Kozuki T, Nakamura K, Nagasaka Y, Kawasaki M, Yamada T, Machida R, Kuchiba A, Ohe Y, Yamamoto N
Lancet Oncol 2020 Jun;21(6):843-850. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30162-5. PMID: 32502444
Pembrolizumab in patients with thymic carcinoma: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 study.
Giaccone G, Kim C, Thompson J, McGuire C, Kallakury B, Chahine JJ, Manning M, Mogg R, Blumenschein WM, Tan MT, Subramaniam DS, Liu SV, Kaplan IM, McCutcheon JN
Lancet Oncol 2018 Mar;19(3):347-355. Epub 2018 Jan 26 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30062-7. PMID: 29395863Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Thymic Carcinomas-A Concise Multidisciplinary Update on Recent Developments From the Thymic Carcinoma Working Group of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group.
Roden AC, Ahmad U, Cardillo G, Girard N, Jain D, Marom EM, Marx A, Moreira AL, Nicholson AG, Rajan A, Shepherd AF, Simone CB 2nd, Strange CD, Szolkowska M, Truong MT, Rimner A
J Thorac Oncol 2022 May;17(5):637-650. Epub 2022 Feb 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.01.021. PMID: 35227908Free PMC Article
The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Thymus and Mediastinum: What Is New in Thymic Epithelial, Germ Cell, and Mesenchymal Tumors?
Marx A, Chan JKC, Chalabreysse L, Dacic S, Detterbeck F, French CA, Hornick JL, Inagaki H, Jain D, Lazar AJ, Marino M, Marom EM, Moreira AL, Nicholson AG, Noguchi M, Nonaka D, Papotti MG, Porubsky S, Sholl LM, Tateyama H, Thomas de Montpréville V, Travis WD, Rajan A, Roden AC, Ströbel P
J Thorac Oncol 2022 Feb;17(2):200-213. Epub 2021 Oct 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.10.010. PMID: 34695605
Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.
Lichtenberger JP 3rd, Carter BW, Fisher DA, Parker RF, Peterson PG
Radiol Clin North Am 2021 Mar;59(2):169-182. Epub 2021 Jan 9 doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2020.11.005. PMID: 33551079
BAP1 in solid tumors.
Di Nunno V, Frega G, Santoni M, Gatto L, Fiorentino M, Montironi R, Battelli N, Brandi G, Massari F
Future Oncol 2019 Jun;15(18):2151-2162. Epub 2019 Jun 4 doi: 10.2217/fon-2018-0915. PMID: 31159579
Thymoma and thymic carcinomas.
Scorsetti M, Leo F, Trama A, D'Angelillo R, Serpico D, Macerelli M, Zucali P, Gatta G, Garassino MC
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016 Mar;99:332-50. Epub 2016 Jan 19 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.012. PMID: 26818050

Therapy

Therapeutic options in thymomas and thymic carcinomas.
Muto Y, Okuma Y
Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022 Apr;22(4):401-413. Epub 2022 Apr 4 doi: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2052278. PMID: 35266421
Lenvatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic thymic carcinoma (REMORA): a multicentre, phase 2 trial.
Sato J, Satouchi M, Itoh S, Okuma Y, Niho S, Mizugaki H, Murakami H, Fujisaka Y, Kozuki T, Nakamura K, Nagasaka Y, Kawasaki M, Yamada T, Machida R, Kuchiba A, Ohe Y, Yamamoto N
Lancet Oncol 2020 Jun;21(6):843-850. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30162-5. PMID: 32502444
Paraneoplastic and Therapy-Related Immune Complications in Thymic Malignancies.
Lippner EA, Lewis DB, Robinson WH, Katsumoto TR
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2019 Jun 22;20(7):62. doi: 10.1007/s11864-019-0661-2. PMID: 31227926
Systemic treatments for thymoma and thymic carcinoma: A systematic review.
Berghmans T, Durieux V, Holbrechts S, Jungels C, Lafitte JJ, Meert AP, Moretti L, Ocak S, Roelandts M, Girard N
Lung Cancer 2018 Dec;126:25-31. Epub 2018 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.10.018. PMID: 30527189
Pembrolizumab in patients with thymic carcinoma: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 study.
Giaccone G, Kim C, Thompson J, McGuire C, Kallakury B, Chahine JJ, Manning M, Mogg R, Blumenschein WM, Tan MT, Subramaniam DS, Liu SV, Kaplan IM, McCutcheon JN
Lancet Oncol 2018 Mar;19(3):347-355. Epub 2018 Jan 26 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30062-7. PMID: 29395863Free PMC Article

Prognosis

NUT carcinoma of the lung.
Lantuejoul S, Pissaloux D, Ferretti GR, McLeer A
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Sep;38(5):72-82. Epub 2021 Jun 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2021.06.005. PMID: 34176698
Thymic Malignancy-Updates in Staging and Management.
Rappaport JMP, Huang J, Ahmad U
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020 Oct;29(4):581-601. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2020.06.010. PMID: 32883460
BAP1 in solid tumors.
Di Nunno V, Frega G, Santoni M, Gatto L, Fiorentino M, Montironi R, Battelli N, Brandi G, Massari F
Future Oncol 2019 Jun;15(18):2151-2162. Epub 2019 Jun 4 doi: 10.2217/fon-2018-0915. PMID: 31159579
Thymoma and thymic carcinoma.
Venuta F, Rendina EA, Anile M, de Giacomo T, Vitolo D, Coloni GF
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012 Jan;60(1):1-12. Epub 2012 Jan 13 doi: 10.1007/s11748-011-0814-0. PMID: 22237733
Mediastinal tumors.
Thomas CR Jr, Bonomi PD
Curr Opin Oncol 1991 Apr;3(2):335-43. doi: 10.1097/00001622-199104000-00015. PMID: 1648973

Clinical prediction guides

POU2F3: A Sensitive and Specific Diagnostic Marker for Neuroendocrine-low/negative Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Wang Y, Jin Y, Shen X, Zheng Q, Xue Q, Chen L, Lin Y, Li Y
Am J Surg Pathol 2023 Sep 1;47(9):1059-1066. Epub 2023 Jun 26 doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000002081. PMID: 37357936
Surgical, Radiation, and Systemic Treatments of Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Systematic Review.
Falkson CB, Vella ET, Ellis PM, Maziak DE, Ung YC, Yu E
J Thorac Oncol 2023 Mar;18(3):299-312. Epub 2022 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.10.016. PMID: 36343922
NUT carcinoma of the lung.
Lantuejoul S, Pissaloux D, Ferretti GR, McLeer A
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Sep;38(5):72-82. Epub 2021 Jun 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2021.06.005. PMID: 34176698
Thymoma and thymic carcinoma.
Venuta F, Rendina EA, Anile M, de Giacomo T, Vitolo D, Coloni GF
Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012 Jan;60(1):1-12. Epub 2012 Jan 13 doi: 10.1007/s11748-011-0814-0. PMID: 22237733
Mediastinal tumors.
Thomas CR Jr, Bonomi PD
Curr Opin Oncol 1991 Apr;3(2):335-43. doi: 10.1097/00001622-199104000-00015. PMID: 1648973

Recent systematic reviews

Efficacy and safety of treatments for advanced thymic carcinoma after failure of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Arunachalam A, Zhang I, Zhao B, Frederickson AM, Catherine Pietanza M
Lung Cancer 2023 Feb;176:132-139. Epub 2023 Jan 2 doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.01.003. PMID: 36638588
Surgical, Radiation, and Systemic Treatments of Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Systematic Review.
Falkson CB, Vella ET, Ellis PM, Maziak DE, Ung YC, Yu E
J Thorac Oncol 2023 Mar;18(3):299-312. Epub 2022 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.10.016. PMID: 36343922
Surgical, Radiation, and Systemic Treatments of Patients With Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Clinical Practice Guideline.
Falkson CB, Vella ET, Ellis PM, Maziak DE, Ung YC, Yu E
J Thorac Oncol 2022 Nov;17(11):1258-1275. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.08.007. PMID: 36031176
Systemic treatments for thymoma and thymic carcinoma: A systematic review.
Berghmans T, Durieux V, Holbrechts S, Jungels C, Lafitte JJ, Meert AP, Moretti L, Ocak S, Roelandts M, Girard N
Lung Cancer 2018 Dec;126:25-31. Epub 2018 Oct 18 doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.10.018. PMID: 30527189
Chemotherapy for thymic carcinoma and advanced thymoma in adults.
Wei ML, Kang D, Gu L, Qiu M, Zhengyin L, Mu Y
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Aug 23;2013(8):CD008588. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008588.pub2. PMID: 23970462Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

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    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
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      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    • NCCN, 2023
      NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas, 2023

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

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